Calcein AM is an ideal fluorescent probe for staining viable cells due to its low cytotoxicity and enhanced hydrophobicity. The hydrophobicity of Calcein AM, unlike Calcein, allows it to readily passes through the cell membrane of viable cells. After Calcein AM permeates into the cytoplasm, it is hydrolyzed by esterases to Calcein, which remains inside the cell.
Calcein does not inhibit any cellular functions such as proliferation or chemotaxis of lymphocytes. Viability assays using Calcein are reliable and correlate well with the standard 51Cr-release assay. The excitation and emission wavelengths of Calcein are 490 nm and 515 nm, respectively.
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